Contaminated humidifiers and the lung.

Humidifiers: the use of biocides and lung disease.

Over the last two decades several publications have reported outbreaks of interstitial lung disease caused by inhalational exposure to a chemical, usually at work, but occasionally in a domestic situation. These outbreaks frequently follow a change in formulation, which may be minor, of a chemical already being used in the workplace, or a change in process leading to its aerosolisation. In 2006...

Filters reduce the risk of bacterial transmission from contaminated heated humidifiers used with CPAP for obstructive sleep apnea.

RATIONALE The treatment of choice for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) during sleep, but dryness of the upper airway compromises compliance. Heated humidifiers may mitigate such noncompliance; however, recent observations suggest that their use, particularly if not cleaned, increases the risk of respiratory infections. Humidifier water may be co...

Microbial prevalence in domestic humidifiers.

The prevalence of viable thermophilic bacteria and actinomycetes and mesophilic fungi was examined in 145 samples from 110 domestic humidifiers. A total of 72 and 43% of furnace and console humidifier samples, respectively, contained viable thermophilic bacteria, whereas 60 and 72% of these samples produced mesophilic fungal growth. Thermophilic actinomycetes were recovered from seven humidifie...

the relationship between learners critical thinking ability and their performance in the reading sections of the tofel and ielts test

the study reflected in this thesis aims at finding out relationships between critical thinking (ct), and the reading sections of tofel and ielts tests. the study tries to find any relationships between the ct ability of students and their performance on reading tests of tofel and academic ielts. however, no research has ever been conducted to investigate the relationship between ct and the read...

The conditioning of medical gases with hot water humidifiers